Abdullah ibn Abbas, commonly known as Ibn Abbas, was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad, renowned for his deep knowledge of the Quran and his role as one of the earliest and most important Quranic exegetes (interpreters) in Islamic history. His contributions to Islamic scholarship have had a lasting impact on the interpretation of the Quran and Islamic jurisprudence. 

Here are some key aspects of his life and legacy:

1. Early Life:
   • Ibn Abbas was born in Mecca in 619 CE. He was the son of Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib, an uncle of the Prophet Muhammad, making him the Prophet’s cousin.
   • He was very young during the life of the Prophet but followed him diligently, acquiring a profound understanding of the Quran and the teachings of Islam.
2. Close Relationship with the Prophet:
   • Ibn Abbas had a special relationship with the Prophet Muhammad, who prayed for him, asking Allah to grant him knowledge and understanding of religion. This prayer is often cited as a divine affirmation of Ibn Abbas’s future as a scholar.
3. Role as a Quranic Exegete:
   • Ibn Abbas is often regarded as “Tarjuman al-Quran” (the interpreter of the Quran) due to his extensive knowledge and understanding of the Quranic text. He provided insights into the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul) and explained the meanings and implications of the verses.
4. Contributions to Islamic Knowledge:
   • He played a critical role in the development of Tafsir (Quranic exegesis) and Hadith traditions. His teachings and interpretations form the basis for many classical and contemporary works of Tafsir.
   • Ibn Abbas is credited with numerous narrations of Hadith that elucidate various aspects of Islamic doctrine and practice.
5. Political Involvement:
   • Ibn Abbas also played a role in the political affairs of the early Muslim community after the Prophet’s death. He was a supporter and advisor to Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib during a turbulent period in Islamic history, including the conflicts of the First Fitna (Islamic civil war).
6. Legacy and Influence:
   • His scholarly contributions, particularly in the field of Tafsir, have left an indelible mark on Islamic sciences. Scholars regard his interpretations as authoritative and foundational for understanding the Quran.
   • Ibn Abbas’s influence extends beyond Tafsir and Hadith, contributing to the development of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and other religious sciences.
7. Reputation and Respect:
   • Known for his prodigious memory, sharp intellect, and devotion to learning, Ibn Abbas earned widespread admiration and respect among his peers and later generations of scholars.

Overall, Abdullah ibn Abbas’s legacy as a scholar, teacher, and interpreter of the Quran continues to be celebrated in the Muslim world. His insights into Quranic interpretation and Islamic teachings have had a profound impact on Islamic thought and scholarship.

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