David is mentioned in the Quran in these verses:
[2:251] They defeated them by God’s leave, and David killed Goliath. God gave him kingship and wisdom, and taught him as He willed. If it were not for God’s support of some people against others, there would be chaos on earth. But God showers His grace upon the people.
[4:163] We have inspired you, as we inspired Noah and the prophets after him. And we inspired Abraham, Ismail, Isaac, Jacob, the Patriarchs, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon. And we gave David the Psalms.
[5:78] Condemned are those who disbelieved among the Children of Israel, by the tongue of David and Jesus, the son of Mary. This is because they disobeyed and transgressed.
[6:84] And we granted him Isaac and Jacob, and we guided both of them. Similarly, we guided Noah before that, and from his descendants (we guided) David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron. We thus reward the righteous.
[17:55] Your Lord is the best knower of everyone in the heavens and the earth. In accordance with this knowledge, we preferred some prophets over others. For example, we gave David the Psalms.
[21:78] And David and Solomon, when they once ruled with regard to someone’s crop that was destroyed by another’s sheep, we witnessed their judgment.
[21:79] We granted Solomon the correct understanding, though we endowed both of them with wisdom and knowledge. We committed the mountains to serve David in glorifying (God), as well as the birds. This is what we did.
[21:80] And we taught him the skill of making shields to protect you in war. Are you then thankful?
[27:15] We endowed David and Solomon with knowledge, and they said, “Praise God for blessing us more than many of His believing servants.”
[27:16] Solomon was David’s heir. He said, “O people, we have been endowed with understanding the language of the birds, and all kinds of things have been bestowed upon us. This is indeed a real blessing.”
[34:10] We endowed David with blessings from us: “O mountains, submit with him, and you too, O birds.” We softened the iron for him.
[34:11] “You may make shields that fit perfectly, and work righteousness. Whatever you do, I am Seer thereof.”
[34:12] To Solomon we committed the wind at his disposal, traveling one month coming and one month going. And we caused a spring of oil to gush out for him. Also, the jinns worked for him, by his Lord’s leave. Any one of them who disregarded our commands, we subjected him to a severe retribution.
[34:13] They made for him anything he wanted – niches, statues, deep pools, and heavy cooking pots. O family of David, work (righteousness) to show your appreciation. Only a few of My servants are appreciative.
[38:17] Be patient in the face of their utterances, and remember our servant David, the resourceful; he was obedient.
[38:18] We committed the mountains in his service, glorifying with him night and day.
[38:19] Also the birds were committed to serve him; all were obedient to him.
[38:20] We strengthened his kingship, and endowed him with wisdom and good logic.
[38:21] Have you received news of the feuding men who sneaked into his sanctuary?
[38:22] When they entered his room, he was startled. They said, “Have no fear. We are feuding with one another, and we are seeking your fair judgment. Do not wrong us, and guide us in the right path.
[38:23] “This brother of mine owns ninety nine sheep, while I own one sheep. He wants to mix my sheep with his, and continues to pressure me.”
[38:24] He said, “He is being unfair to you by asking to combine your sheep with his. Most people who combine their properties treat each other unfairly, except those who believe and work righteousness, and these are so few.” Afterwards, David wondered if he made the right judgment. He thought that we were testing him. He then implored his Lord for forgiveness, bowed down, and repented.
[38:25] We forgave him in this matter. We have granted him a position of honor with us, and a beautiful abode.
[38:26] O David, we have made you a ruler on earth. Therefore, you shall judge among the people equitably, and do not follow your personal opinion, lest it diverts you from the way of God. Surely, those who stray off the way of God incur severe retribution for forgetting the Day of Reckoning.
[38:30] To David we granted Solomon; a good and obedient servant.
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