Geometric patterns are a fundamental element of Islamic art, widely used in a variety of artistic and architectural contexts. These patterns, characterized by their complexity, symmetry, and precision, serve both aesthetic and symbolic purposes. 

Here are key aspects of geometric patterns in Islamic art:

1. Symbolism and Spirituality: Geometric patterns are often seen as a reflection of the underlying order and unity of creation. They symbolize the infinite nature of Allah, emphasizing the idea of unity within multiplicity. The repetition and symmetry in these patterns are considered a metaphor for the infinite, transcendent nature of God.
2. Mathematical Precision: The creation of geometric patterns involves the use of mathematical principles, including concepts of symmetry, proportion, and repetition. Islamic artists and craftsmen employ basic shapes—such as circles, squares, triangles, and stars—to create intricate designs that can be extended infinitely.
3. Non-figural Decoration: In Islamic art, geometric patterns are often used to decorate surfaces because of the aniconistic tradition, which discourages the depiction of sentient beings in religious contexts. This emphasis moves the focus to abstract forms that can inspire contemplation and admiration.
4. Applications: Geometric patterns appear in a vast range of Islamic art forms, from architecture and textiles to ceramics, woodwork, and metalwork. They are particularly prominent in the decoration of mosques and madrasas, where they adorn walls, domes, minarets, and floors.
5. Compositional Techniques: Artists use various techniques to create geometric patterns, such as tessellation (repeating a single shape without gaps or overlaps), interlacing designs, and the use of motifs like star patterns and polygons, often in combination.
6. Regional Variations: While the principles of geometric design are consistent across the Islamic world, variations can occur based on region, historical period, and local artistic influences. For example, geometric patterns in Persian art might differ in style and execution from those in Moroccan art.
7. Interdisciplinary Influence: The development of geometric patterns in Islamic art has influenced and been influenced by advancements in mathematics and astronomy within the Islamic Golden Age. This interdisciplinary exchange further enhanced the complexity and beauty of the designs.
8. Contemporary Relevance: Geometric designs remain a popular element in contemporary Islamic art and architecture, reflecting both tradition and modernity. Modern artists and designers continue to draw inspiration from these timeless patterns, creating new works that echo their historical origins.

Overall, geometric patterns in Islamic art embody a deep appreciation of beauty, order, and spirituality, contributing to the distinctive character of Islamic aesthetics. They serve not only as decoration but also as a form of visual language conveying complex philosophical and theological ideas.

Written by AI. A more correct, God given, explanation can be found here.